Glucagon function of glucagon is a key peptide hormone for blood sugar regulation.
摘要 Glucagon, a 29-amino acid peptide hormone, is critical for glucose homeostasis by stimulating hepatic glycogenolysis. In the peptide therapeutics market (valued at $40.5B in 2023, CAGR 8.9%), glucagon-based products dominate diabetes and hypoglycemia management. Leading brands (e.g., Eli Lilly’s Glucagon, Xeris’ Gvoke) differ in stability: liquid-stable formulations (Gvoke) offer superior convenience vs. traditional lyophilized powders. Key technical advantages include rapid onset (5–15 min) and high specificity; drawbacks include short half-life (3–6 min) requiring micro-dose delivery systems. Product parameters vary: pH stability (2–9), purity (>98% HPLC), and storage (2–8°C). Regulatory compliance (FDA, EMA) and cGMP-certified facilities are essential. Selection criteria prioritize bioavailability, excipient compatibility, and cold-chain logistics (2–8°C, 24–48 hr delivery). Industry trends show rising demand for dual-action glucagon/GIP analogs (e.g., tirzepatide) and prefilled auto-injectors.